目前全球能源結(jié)構(gòu)正在發(fā)生著微妙的變化。因此，尋求更加安全、清潔、經(jīng)濟(jì)的能源，已經(jīng)成為世界各國(guó)的共同追求。我們的近鄰日本和韓國(guó)，在這方面也在積極探索。

眾所周知，日本能源嚴(yán)重依賴進(jìn)口，因此從上世紀(jì)90年代起，日本就開始發(fā)展太陽(yáng)能，目前已經(jīng)是世界第二大太陽(yáng)能光伏市場(chǎng)。為了推動(dòng)太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電的發(fā)展，2012年日本政府推出以每度42日元（約合人民幣2.5元）補(bǔ)貼制度，吸引了除傳統(tǒng)太陽(yáng)能企業(yè)以外的制造、金融、建筑業(yè)公司紛紛加入，大筆投資建站。

英利日本分公司董事長(zhǎng)水田昌紀(jì)：我們公司去年的銷售額是前年幾百倍的規(guī)模，今年僅上半年就售出了比去年一年還多的太陽(yáng)能電池板，可以說(shuō)現(xiàn)在（太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電）勢(shì)頭相當(dāng)高。

日本大學(xué)商學(xué)院教授李克：日本政府目前可以說(shuō)在全球是（補(bǔ)貼價(jià)格）提的最高的，比第二名的加拿大還高出很多，加拿大大概是33到34日元。（每度）42日元的并網(wǎng)入電價(jià)格就使得企業(yè)做這個(gè)事情是有利可圖的。

除了建立大規(guī)模的太陽(yáng)能電站，日本政府也鼓勵(lì)家庭建立小型太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電站，對(duì)家庭太陽(yáng)能光伏電站的補(bǔ)貼最高為100萬(wàn)日元。此外，東京都政府還投入5000萬(wàn)日元推出太陽(yáng)能潛力地圖系統(tǒng)，輸入自家的住址，就能了解屋頂安裝太陽(yáng)能后的發(fā)電量等數(shù)據(jù)。

東京都地域能源推進(jìn)科負(fù)責(zé)人弦卷俊一：東京都內(nèi)的太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電裝機(jī)總?cè)萘恳呀?jīng)達(dá)到26萬(wàn)千瓦。除了補(bǔ)貼金之外，我們希望通過(guò)這個(gè)系統(tǒng)讓大家都看看（自己的屋頂）能否利用太陽(yáng)能，進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)（太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電）的普及。

韓國(guó)為了鼓勵(lì)太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電的發(fā)展，在很多方面都對(duì)太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電企業(yè)予以優(yōu)惠和補(bǔ)貼。在建設(shè)太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電站時(shí)，企業(yè)可獲得最高100億韓元的政策貸款，10年期利率僅為1.75%。稅收方面，每年還可減免3%-10%的法人稅。韓國(guó)電力公社按照市場(chǎng)基準(zhǔn)價(jià)格每度電135韓元收購(gòu)全部電量。對(duì)于不占用耕地的太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電企業(yè)，政府還提供政策性加價(jià)。以一個(gè)發(fā)電容量為100千瓦的太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電站為例，發(fā)電企業(yè)可按照基準(zhǔn)價(jià)格獲得韓國(guó)電力公社1626萬(wàn)韓元的收入，政策性加價(jià)可獲得2439萬(wàn)韓元的收入，共計(jì)收入4065萬(wàn)韓元。

（株）韓國(guó)奧瑟亞太陽(yáng)光事業(yè)部常務(wù)姜學(xué)志：為了防止農(nóng)用地流失，如果太陽(yáng)能電站是利用了田地，加價(jià)比例僅為就是70%，但是屬于對(duì)空間的再次有效利用，或者利用屋頂空間的話，加價(jià)比例可以達(dá)到1.5倍。

另外，韓國(guó)普通居民住宅安裝太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電設(shè)備也可以獲得政府的各類政策扶持。以首爾市為例，居民住宅如果安裝太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)，最高可獲得280萬(wàn)韓元（約合人民幣1萬(wàn)6千元）的補(bǔ)貼。目前首爾市內(nèi)共有3700多戶居民安裝了太陽(yáng)能設(shè)備，其中近兩年來(lái)新建的設(shè)備就占到67%。

首爾市廳綠色能源科組長(zhǎng)李在成：今年我們推出了可在樓房里安裝的250瓦以下的迷你型太陽(yáng)能計(jì)劃，首先在8千戶居民家中進(jìn)行試點(diǎn)，今年的預(yù)算為24億韓元，明年起，每年至少新增1萬(wàn)戶，至少要保證5萬(wàn)戶。

At present, the global energy structure is undergoing subtle changes.  Therefore, the pursuit of safer, cleaner and more economical energy has become the common pursuit of all countries in the world.  Our close neighbors, Japan and the ROK, are also actively exploring in this regard.  

 

 

 

Japan is known to rely heavily on imported energy, so since the 1990s, Japan began to develop solar energy, and is now the world's second largest solar photovoltaic market.   In order to promote the development of solar photovoltaic power generation, the Japanese government introduced a subsidy system of 42 yen (about 2.5 yuan) per kilowatt hour in 2012, which attracted manufacturing, finance and construction companies except traditional solar companies to join in and invest heavily in building stations.  

 

 

 

Masaki Mizuda, chairman of Yingli Japan: Our sales volume last year was hundreds of times that of the year before. In the first half of this year alone, we sold more solar panels than last year. We can say that the momentum is quite high right now.  

 

 

 

Nihon UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL PROFESSOR LEE: THE Japanese government is now arguably the world's highest (subsidy price), much higher than the second place Canada, which is about 33 to 34 yen.   The grid-connected price of 42 yen makes it profitable for companies to do so.  

 

 

 

In addition to building large-scale solar power plants, the Japanese government is also encouraging households to build small solar power plants, with subsidies of up to 1 million yen for household solar photovoltaic plants.   In addition, the Tokyo Metropolitan government has invested 50 million yen to launch a solar energy potential map system, which allows users to input their home addresses to obtain data such as the amount of electricity generated by installing solar energy on their roofs.  

 

 

 

The total installed solar power capacity in Tokyo has reached 260,000 kilowatts, said Junichi Sanomaki, head of Tokyo's regional Energy Promotion Division.   In addition to the subsidies, we hope to use this system to get people to see if they can use solar energy and further promote adoption.  

 

 

 

In order to encourage the development of solar power generation, South Korea has given preferential treatment and subsidies to solar power enterprises in many aspects.   When building solar power plants, companies can get up to 10 billion won in policy loans with a 10-year interest rate of 1.75 percent.  In terms of taxes, corporate taxes will be reduced by 3 to 10 percent per year.   The Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) bought all the electricity at 135 won per KWH.  For solar power companies that do not occupy farmland, the government also provides a policy markup.  For a solar power plant with a capacity of 100 kilowatts, the power generation company can receive 16.26 million won from the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) based on the base price, and 24.39 million won from the policy markup, making a total of 40.65 million won.  

 

 

 

Kang Hak-ji, executive director of the Asia Pacific Sunshine Business Division of Orser Korea, said, To prevent the loss of agricultural land, the price increase is only 70 percent if the solar power plant uses land. However, if it is a reuse of space or rooftop space, the price increase can be 1.5 times.  

 

 

 

In addition, South Korea's ordinary residential installation of solar power equipment can also get various kinds of government policy support.  The Seoul Metropolitan government, for example, provides a subsidy of up to 2.8 million won (about 16,000 yuan) for installing a solar power system in a residential building.  More than 3,700 households in Seoul have solar installations, 67 percent of which have been built in the past two years.  

 

 

 

Lee Jae-seong, head of the green energy department at the Seoul Metropolitan Office, said, This year, we will launch a mini solar system of less than 250 watts that can be installed in buildings. We will pilot it in 8,000 households. The budget for this year is 2.4 billion won.